Atom 2 Ans

16 wvq mSvk jdhqjla ;=,ska úoHq;a úNjhla hejq úg wefkdavfha isg lef;davh foig .uka lrk lsrK = fudkjdo@

wefkdav lsrK

17 pqïnl iDK w.%hla we,a,Q úg thg l=ula isÿfúo@ ta wehs@

.uka ud¾.h fjkia jSu $wm.ukh jSu $W;al%ukh jSu

Ok wdfrdams; jSu ksid

18 tu lsrK ks¾udKh jS we;af;a ljrlska o@ th fidhd .;af;a ljq o@

jdhq mrudKq whkSlrKfhka ieoqKq Ok whk j,ska

f.da,avsiagska

19 ieye,a,q u Ok wxY=j ,efnkafka ljr jdhqjla k,h ;=, mj;sk jsg o@ fu wxY=j y|qkajk  ku ,shkak

yhsv%cka

fm%dafgdakh

20 fm%dafgdak kfha wdfrdamKh fidhd .;af;a ljq o@ tu w.h lsh o@

us,slka

1.602 · 10^-9C/ l+f,daus

21  tlu uQ, o%jHfha  kHIags  i¾jiu fkdjk wjia:d we;sjkafka l=ula ksid o@

fm%dafgdak ixLHd tlu jqjo kshqfg%dak ixLHd fjkia jSu ksid

22 tajd y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

iuia:dksl $kshqla,hsv

23 tjekas mrudKq j, iudk w.hla .kafka fudkjd o@

ialkaO l%udxlh      ---- wiudk fjs

mrudKq l l%udxlh  ---- iudk fjs

fm%dAfgdak ixLHdj     ---- iudk fjs

24 my; oelafjk iuia:dksl j, $kshqla,hsvj, ialkaO l%udxlh mrudKq l l%udxlh fm%dAfgdak l%udxlh hk w.hhka ,shd olajkak

yhsv%cka   ---    H¹₁

vshqgsrshus  ----  D ²₁

gs%gshus      ---- - T ³₁

25 iuyr kshqla,hsv  ia:dhS jk w;r iuyr tajd wia:dhS fjhss lD;su f,i idok   kshqla,hsv o we;

26 ldnka j, mj;sk wia:dhS kshqla,hsvhla   ,shkak

C ¹⁴₆

27 kHIagshl fm%dafgdak yd kshqfg%dak y\qkajk ku l=ula o@tys mj;sk fjk;a  wxY= fudkjd o@

kshqla,sfhdak

fmdisfg%dak

usfidak

28 b;d l=vd wjldYhla ;=, ia:dhS f,i Ok wdfrdamK rdYsN+;jS  mj;S ta l=ula ksid o@

fm%dafgdak yd kshqfg%dak w;r wdfrdams;  wxY= yqjudre  jSfuka we;s jk wdl¾IKh ksid

29 yqjudre jk wxY= y|qkajk ku ,shkak

   usfidak $ *hs - usfidak

30  kshqfg%dakhla fm%dafg%dakhla  jSu  kshqfg%dakhla fm%dafgdak hla jSu ksrka;rfhka  isoq fjhs tysoS yqjudre jk wxY= fudkjd o@

kshqfg%dakhla fm%dafg%dakhla  jSu ---  Ok usfidak

kshqfg%dakhla fm%dafgdak hla jSu ----iDK usfidak

31 kshqla,sfhdak  tlajS kHIagshla  idok jsg Yla;sh ksoyia fjhs ta wkqj fm%dafgdak yd kshqfg%dak w;r ne|Sfus m%n,;dj fidhd .; yelsh n|k Yla;sh hkafkka  th m%ldY lrhs

tu w.h Wmrsu kus   $ 8.8 MeV tu kHIags ia:dhS fjhs’ ke;fyd;a kshqlaa,hsvh ia:dhS fjhs

wia:dhs kHIagshla y|qkd.; yelafla flfia o@

ialkaO l%udxlh by<h

fm%dafgdak .Kk brgsfgs ixLHjla fkd;snSu $T;af;a ixLHdjla ;snsu

jslsrK ksl=;a lrhs

32 tys wruqK l=ula o@

ialkaO l%udxlh wvqlr f.k ia:dhs mrdihg f.k tau

fm%dafgdak .Kk kshqfg%dak .Kkg iudk lsrsu

ia:dhS kHIagshla idod .ekSu

33 tysoS ksl=;a lrk jslsrK fudkjdo@

α lsrK β lsrK  γ  lsrK

34 jevsu fjs.hla $wdf,dalfha fjs.h we;af;a ljr  lsrKhlgo@

γ  lsrK

35 jsksjso hdfus n,h Wmrsu jkafka ljrl o@

γ  lsrK

36 0.2 cm  we¿uskshus m;%hlska je,elajsh yelafla l=ula o@ lvodishlska  je<elajsh yelafla ljrla o@

α lsrK    β lsrK 

α lsrK

37 jdhqjla ;=,ska .uka lsrSfus oS .uka ud¾.fha  we;s jdhq wKq whkSlrKhg jevs yelshdjla mj;skafka l=ulg o@

α lsrK

38 jdhqjla ;=,ska .uka lsrSfus oS .uka ud¾.fha  we;s jdhq wKq whkSlrK  wju s yelshdjla mj;skafka l=ulg o@

γ  lsrK

39 jdhqjla ;=,ska .uka lsrSfus oS .uka ud¾.fha  ir, f¾LSh jSug kus tu wxY=j ialkaOh jevs fukaj tajd jevs m%fjs.hlska hq;a wxY= jsh hq;=h tu .=K imqrd,k  wxY=j l=ula o@

α lsrK

40 ialkaOhla rys; jk ir, f¾Lsh .uka ud¾.hla iys; lsrK jkafka ljrla o@

γ  lsrK

40 yS,shus kHIagshg iudk;ajhla olajkafla l=ula o@tfia mejisug fya;=j ,shkak

α lsrK

Ok tall 2  ialkaO l%udxlh 4 la jQ kHIagshla mej;su

41 pqusnl  lafIa;%hla  u.ska  .uka ud¾.h fjkia l, yels jkafka l=ul o@ ta l=ula ksid o@

α lsrK    β lsrK 

wdfrdamK ork ksid

42 jslsrKYS,;dj fidhd .;af;a ljqrekao@

fykars fnlr,a

43 jsslsrKYS,S uQ,o%jH  fidhd .;af;a ljqrekao@

udrs lshqrs

44 jslsrKYS,;dj f,i y|qkajkafka l=ula o@

wia:dhS kHIags ia:dhs jsu i|yd jslsrK ksl=;a lsrSu

Atom ans

kshus; jsIhh tall fldgi lshjSfuka wk;=rej wod, chemistque.blogspot.com  m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

iuyr jsIhh tall fldgia  ms<sn| oekqu icSjSlrK iu. animescience.webatu.com fj;ska ,nd  .ekSug W;aidy lrkak 

Tnf.a ms<s;=re iemhSu wjYH m%Yak m;%h i|yd fj; chemistans.blogspot.com  msjsfikak'                                                                            fuh Tng iajhx we.hsula jkafkah' ms<s;=re fuysoSS mrSlaId lrkak

ksrka;rfhka isoq lrk iajhx we.hSu  Wiia fm< jsNd. j,g id¾:l f,i uqyqK oSug w;aje,la jkq we;'

mrudKqj  -  1

1 f,dau froaola fhdod  .ksuska t,a,d we;s tnkhsgs l+rla msrsueoSu tjeks msrsuosk ,o l+rla  th iuSmhg f.k tau ksrslaIKh l=ula fjhs o@

jsl¾IKhla we;sjSu

2 ma,ek,a froaolska ,dlv t,a,d we;s ,dlv l+rla msrsueoSu tjeks msrsuosk ,o l+rla  th iuSmhg f.k tau ksrslaIKh l=ula fjhs o@

jsl¾IKhla we;sjSu

3 f,dau froaola fhdod  .ksuska t,a,d we;s tnkhsgs l+rla msrsueoSu fiao j,ska jSoqre msrsueosu l+rla msrsueoSu tjeks msrsuosk ,o l+rla  th iuSmhg f.k tau ksrslaIKh l=ula fjhs o@

wdl¾IKh jsu

4 tfia isoqjqfha wehs@

jscd;Sh wdfrdamK oerSu ksid

5 fiao j,ska tlu w;g jSoqre msrsueosu oS wdfrdamK ,enqfka flfia o@

jSoqre ;=, we;s iDK wdfrdamK fiao ;=,g we;=¿ jSu kd th Ok wdfrdams; fjhs

f,dau froaolska  t,a,d we;s tnkhsgs l+rla msrsueoSfus oS f,dau ;=, we;s iDK wdfrdamK tnkhsgs l+rg we;=¿ jSu isoqfjhs

6 fuhska ;yjqre jkafka l=ula o@

mod¾:h ;=, wdfrdams; iDK wdfrdamK  yd Ok wdfrdamK  we;s nj fyj;a jsoHq;a iajNdjhla we;s nj

7 mod¾:fha l=vdu wxY+j ye|skajq ku ro*â ie,iqï l< mßlaIKfha 4· 10 ^-5 cm jk rka m;%hla ;=,ska hejq wxY= fudkjd o@

α wxY=

8 tys wdfrdamKh ,shkak

  Ok  wdfrdamKh

9 tysoS isÿjqfha l=ulao@

iq¿ wxY= m%udKhla wdmiq yersu

wxY= jevs m%udKhla rka m;%h yryd .uka lsrsu

10 fuu mÍlaIKh ie,iqus lf<a ljqo@

ro¾mvs

11 fuu mÍlaIKh isÿlf<a ljqo@

.hs.¾ ud¾iavka

12 wxY=j, m%udKh;a .uka osYdj fjkia fkdjkafka wehs@

ysia wjldY mej;Su

13 ta nj y÷kd.kafka flfiao@

rka m;%hg msgqmiska ;enq ;srh u; os,shqï we;sùu

14 ro*âf.a ks.ukh l=ulao@

f,day mrudKqfõ l=vd mrsudjla  ;=, Ok wdfrdamK rdYs N+; ù we;snj

15 idfmalaI jYfhka zns ;srh u; we;sjk oss,shqï ixLHdj by< úh ta wehs@

rkam;%h yryd .ukal< wxY= m%udKh jeäùu ksid

 jevs m%udKhla ysia wjldY mej;Su ksid

16 wvq mSvk jdhqjla ;=,ska úoHq;a úNjhla hejq úg lef;davfha isg wefkdavh foig .uka lrk wxY= fudkjdo@

lef;dav lsrK

17 pqïnl Ok w.%hla we,a,Q úg thg l=ula isÿfúo@ ta wehs@

.uka ud¾.h fjkia jSu $wm.ukh jSu $W;al%ukh jSu

iDK wdfrdams; jSu

18 iDK wdfrdams; wxY=j fidhd .;af;a ljqo@ th y÷kajk ku l=ulao@

f;dusika

bf,lafg%dakh

19 iq<xfm;a;la $yn,a illa N%uKh lsrSfus .=Kh fuu lef;dav lsrK j,g we; tu ,laIKh g wkqj .; yels ks.ukh l=ula o@

tu wxY= j,g ialkaOhla yd m%fjs.hla $.uH;djla we;s nj

20 bf,lafg%dakfha wdfrdamKh fidhd .;af;a ljq o@ tu w.h lsh o@

us,slka

1.602 · 10^-9C/ l+f,daus

Polymer Rubber ans

rnra


1 iajNdjsl fraLSh nyqwjhjl kuslrkak

fm%dagSk $ rn¾

2 rn¾  wKqfjs ku ,shkak

fmd,s whsfidms%ka

3 th nyq wjhjhla  f,i y|qkajkafka wehs@

iudk wKq rdYshla tla jS jsYd, wkQjla  ms<sfh, jSu ksid

4 tys mj;sk ;ekqus tallfha ku ,shkak

whsfidms%ka  $C₅H₈ / CH₂ = C . CH3 –CH = CH2  $2- Methyl Buta-1-3-Diene

5 fuys ljr iudhjhsl;djla  mj;so@

cHdus;sl iudhjhsl;dj 

isia - iudhjhsslh

6 tl rn¾  wKqjl  ;ekqus tall  20 000 muK we; tys jHqqyh ,shkak

7 rn¾  wKqfjs keuqus mj;skafka wehs@ta ksid we;sjk .=Khla ,shkak

odu w;r jekavjd,a n, mj;sk ksid

m%;Hdia: .=Kh

8 l,s, wxY=j, wdfrdamKh l=ula o@ tu .=Kh ksid mj;sk ,laIKhla i|yka lrkak

iDK wdfrdamKh

wj,usns; wxY= f,i mej;su

9 iuyr ksIamdok i|yd m%;Hia: .=Kh  bj;a lsrsug isoq fjhs th isoq lrkafka flfia o@

tysos we;sjk fjki ,shkak

i,am¾ iu. r;a lsrsu

odu w;r yria nkaOk we;s jsu

10 ta u.ska ljr ksIamdok isoq lrhs o@

gh¾

tnkhsgs

11 iuyr ksIamdok i|yd m%;Hia: .=Kh  wjYH fjhs ta l=ula i|yd o@

w;a fusia

rn¾ k,

12 fm%dagsk j, mj;sk ;ekqus tallfha ku ,shkak

weuhsfkda wus,h

13 tu wKq j iajdrlaIlhla f,i ls%hdlrkafka tys mj;sk ljr ldKav ksid o@

                 -COOH                 -NH₂