Final test answers

2013 Wiia fm< jsNd.hg uqyqK osug m%:u Tnf.a oekqu mrslaId lr n,kak

ms<s;=re m

ridhk jsoHdj - nyqjrK m%Yak

ld,h meh 2 00

2013 wf.daia;=

1 wka;¾ wKql n, f,i ,kavka n, olakg fkdue;af;a

1. I₂ 2. CCl₄ 3. Ar 4 . MgD₂ 5. CHCl₃

2 wdus,sl;djfhka by< Tlaihsvh jkafka

1. N₂ 2 NO 3. N ₂O₃ 4. NO₂ 5 N₂O₅

3 N ₂O₅ iEoSug Ndjs;d l< yelafla ljr m%;sls%hdj o@

1 wefudakshus khsfg%sgs r;a lsrSu

2 fi20 oS NO yd NO₂ usY% lsrSu

3 idkao% khsgs%la wus,h iu. fldm¾ m%;sls%hd lsrSu

4 fi 0 we;s khsg%ckavfhdlaihsvs iys; k,hla

5 P₄O₁₀ m%;sls%hdfjka idkao% khsgs%la wus,h iu. ls%hdfjka

4 BaCl₂ iu. idok wjlafIamh khsgs%la wus,fha o%jH lrkafka ljr m%;sls%hlh o@

1. Na₂ SO₃ 2. Na₂ SO₄ 3 Na₂ S 4 Na₂S₂ O₃ 5. Na₂O

5 msIagfhka fmdÕjk ,o lvodis ks,a meye .kafka ljr m%;sls%hl wvx.= k,fha o@

1 KI k,hlg laf,darSka hejSfus oS

2 fldm¾ i,afmags j,g KI tl;= lsrSu

3 wdus,sl fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g Na₂ SO₃ fhoSu

4 wdus,sl fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g H₂ O₂ fhoSu

5 fmdgEishus whfvsgs j,g KI fhoSu

6 i,am¾ TlaislrKh fkdjkafka

1. SO₂ yd PbO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

2 Cl₂ yd SO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

3 SO₂ yd HI w;r m%;sls%hdj

4 ue.akSishus yd ;kQl i,amshqrsla wus, w;r m%;sls%hdj

5 KIO₃ yd SO₂ w;r m%;sls%hdj

7 H ₂O₂ iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1. KMnO₄ 2 KI 3 MnO₂ 4 KIO₃ 5 Fe⁺² w;r m%;sls%hdj 1

8 jdhq ms<sn| wi;H jkafka

1 mrsmQ¾K jdhqjl PV ksh;hls

2 wvq msvkhloS jdhqfjs CO₂ j, Z w.h 1 g jvd wvq fjhs

3 mrsmQ¾K jdhqjlg jvd iusmSvk yelshdjla CO₂ j,g we;

4 Z w.h 1 g jvd jevs jkafka wka;¾ wKql wdl¾IK n, fya;=fjks

5 H₂ jdhqfjs iusmSvk yelshdj wvq jkafka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk w.hg jvd mrsudj jevs jk ksidh

9 jdhq ms<sn| pd,l iuSlrKh i|yd wi;H jkafka

1. N f,i mj;skafka jdhq ujq, .Kkhs

2 m hkq jdhqfjs ialkaOhhs

3 m hkq jdhq ujq,hl ialkaOhhs

4 N jdhq wKq .Kkhs

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

10 iusu; WIaK;ajfha oS yd mSvkfha oSkhsg%cka jdhqj ,S 12 2 la yd Tlaiscka jdhqj ,S 6 1 Ndck foll wvx.= fjhs wKq ixLHdj .Kkh lsrsug myiqfjka Ndjs; l< yelafla

1 wej.vsfrda kshuh

2 pd,l iuSlrKh

3 fndhs,a kshuh

4 pd,aia kshuh

5 PV = nRT

11 khsg%cka jdhq .%Eus 10 l ialkaOhl mSvkh fjkia fkdjkafka kus WIaK;ajh jevs l< jsg

1 WIaK;ajhg mrsudj iudkqmd;sl fkdfjs

2 mSvkfha;a mrsudfjs;a .=Ks;h ksh;hls

3 wKq .Kk fjkia fkdfjs

4 mrsudj wvq fjhs

5 wka;¾ wKql n, m%n,;dj jevs fjhs

12 jdhqjla ;=, WIaK;ajh jevs l< jsg jsh fkdyelafla

1 wvq Yla;shl mj;sk wKq .Kk jevs jSu

2 jevs Yla;shlska hq;a wKq .Kk jevs jSu

3 jdhq ujq,hl wvx.= Yla;sh fjkia jsu

4 wKql .egSus ixLHdj jevs jSu 2

5 ;dmh wjfYdaIKh lruska isoqjk m%;sls%hdj fjs.j;a jSu

13 fg*af,daka Ndjs;hg .kafka

1 fros ms<s j,g wjYH fl|s i|yd

2 jsoq,s mrsm: j, iajsps iEoSug

3 fkdwef,l n|qka iEoSug

4 rscsfmdaus iEoSug

5 c, wjfYdaIl kems iEoSug

14 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 fnrs,shus 2 we,quskshus 3 gska 4 ldnka 5 fmdiamria

15 i,amshqrsla wus,h ld¾uslj ms<sfh, lsrSfusoS isoq fkdjkafka

1 fmfg%da,shus u.ska wjYH i,am¾vfhdlaihsvs ksmojSu

2 NdKav us, wOsl ksid wOsl mSvkhla Ndjs; fkdlsrSu

3 idudkH jdhqf.da, mSvkfha oSW;afm%arl u.ska i,am¾ g%fhdlaihsgs ishhg wkQ myla ,nd .; yelsh

4 oQjs,s wxY= ;snSu .eg¿ we;s fkdlrhs

5 jdhqf.da, 1-3 w;r mSvkhla fhdod .kshs

16 lvodis i|yd jsrxck ldrlhla f,i Ndjs; jkafka

1. N a₂SO₃ 2. H₂ O₂ 3 Cl₂ 4 NaOCl 5 ish,a,u

17 khsg%cka jdhqj M,hla f,i fkd,efnkafka

1 CuO iu. NH₃

2 Na iu. NH₃

3 Cl ₂ iu. NH₃

4 (NH₄)₂ Cr₂O₇ r;a lsrSu

5 wefudakshus khsfg%sgs r;a lsrSu

18 wefudakshd Tlaisldrlhla f,i ls%hd lrkafka

1 wefudakshd iu. ,s;shus 2 laf,darSka iu. wefudakshd 3 fidavshus iu. wefudakshd 4 wefudakshd ue.akSishus iu. 5 ksis ms<s;=rla fkdue;

19 fkia,¾ m%;sldrlfhka y|qkd .; fkdyels jdhqjla idokafka

1 hqrshd j,g NaOH fhoSu

2 ue.akSishus oyk M,hg c,h fhoSu

3 ue.akSishus khsg%hsv j,g c,h fhoSu

4 lergs 9 r;arka khsgs%la wus,h iu. ls%hd lrjSu

5 wefudakshus ldnfkags r;a lsrSu

20 ,qKq ksIamdokfha oS w;;=re M, f,i fkd,efnkafka

1 le,aishus i,afmags 2 ue.akSishus 3 fn%dauska 4 le,aishus ldnfkags 5 laf,darSka

21 fida,afjs l%ufha oS ls%hd;aul fkdjkafka

1 m%;s m%jdy uQ,O¾uh

2 fi 35 l WIaK;ajhl wg¿j mj;ajd .ekSu

3 nhsldnfkag wjlafIam jsu

4 w¿ yqKq Ndjs;h

5 uqyqoq c,h m<uqj ldnkavfhdlaihsvs j,ska ika;Dma; lsrSu

22 lGsk c,h ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 ;djld,sl lGsk;ajh bj;a l< yelafla r;a lsrSfuka muKs

2 >k isfhd,hsgs u.ska legdhk r|jd .ksuska wekdhk bj;a lrhs

3 osh.eiQ yqKq u.ska ;djld,sl lGsk;ajh bj;a l< fkd yelsh

4 fuu c,h inka wjlafIam lrhs

5 mfika c,h jdIamSlrK jevs jSu fuu ls%hdjg fya;= fkdfjs’

23 ,xldfjs wemghsgs ms<sn| wi;H jkafka

1 ish¿ fNda. j,g fmdfydr f,i fhdod .; yelsh

2 o%djH;dj wvqhs

3. Na ₂ CO₃ yd SiO₂ iu. m%;sls%hdfjka o%djH;dj jevs lrhs

4 i¾mkaghska iu. r;a lsrSfuka o%djH;dj jevs l< yelsh

5 khsg%Sla wus,h u.ska o%djH;dj jevs l< yelsh

4

24 csmaius ms<sn|j tlÕ jsh fkdyelafla

1 isfuka;s i|yd fhdod .kS

2. Ca SO₄ .2H₂ O wKql iQ;% orhs

3 2 Ca SO₄ .H₂ O wKql iQ;% orhs

4 r;a lsrSfuka mersia nodu idohs

5 la,skalr ijsjSu m%udo lrhs

25 mhsfrlaia jSoqre ksIamdokfha oS Ndjs; fkdjkafka

1. Al₂O₃ 2. Si O₂ 3 B₂O₃ 4 CaO 5 ZnO

26 fnda;,a ksIamdokfha oS fhdod fkd.kafka

1 fidavd jSoqre 2 mhsfrlaia jSoqre 3 mskd jSoqre 4 l%jqka jSoqre 5 wdrlaIl jSoqre

27 ksjeros ksrSlaIKhla jkafka

1. K₂ CrO_{4 (aq)} B - Fe[SCN]⁺²_(aq) C - Ca(OH)_{2 (aq)} D- BiCl_{3 (aq)} E- N₂O_{4 (g)}

by; moaO;s iu;=,s;;djfha we;s nj i,lkak

1 B moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd NaOH Ndjs; l< yelsh

2 C moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd c,h Ndjs; l< yelsh

3 C moaO;sh jug yerjSu i|yd CO₂ Ndjs; l< yelsh

4 E moaO;sh ol=Kg yerjSu i|yd ;dmh bj;a l< yelsh

5 A moaO;sh ol=Kg yerjSu i|yd wus, Ndjs; l< yelsh

28 >khla iu. iu;=,s;;djfha mej;sh yelafla

1 C , B moaO;sh 2 C muKs 3 C , D moaO;sh 4 B muKs 1 D , B moaO;sh

29 >khla iu. iu;=,s;;djfha mj;sk moaO;shl jsh fkd yelafla

1 ;j oqrg;a >kh oshjSu

2 ;joqrg;a >kh iEoSu

3 ksrka;rfhka whk iEoSu

4 whk idkao%Kj, ujq,sl n,j, .=Ks;h fjkia jSu

5 whk idkao%K fkdfjkia jSu

30 mSvkh bj;a lsrSfuka moaO;sfha wKq .Kk fjkia l< yels moaO;sh jkafka

1 C moaO;sh 2 E muKs 3 C , D moaO;sh 4 B muKs 1 D , B moaO;sh

31 yhsv%cka bf,lafg%davhl TlaislrK m%;sls%hdj isoq fkdjSug kus

1 yhsv%cka jdhqfjs mSvkh jevs l< hq;=h

2 fldm¾ bf,lafg%davhlg iussnkaO l< hq;=h 5

3 iskala bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

4 fn%dauSka bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

5 fjk;a yhsv%cka bf,lafg%davhlg iusnkaO lsrSu

32 iskala yd fldm¾ bf,lafg%dav Ndjs;fhka idok ,o iusu; fldaIhl jsNjh jevs lsrSug kus

1. iskala whk idkao%Kh jevs l< hq;=hs
2. fldm¾ whk idkao%Kh jevs l< hq;=hs
3. iskala whk o%djKfhka c,h bj;a l< hq;=hs
4. WIaK;ajh jevs lsrSu
5. fldm¾ whk idkao%Kh wvqs l< hq;=hs

33 iajdrlaIl ,laIK fmkajkafka lskus o%djKh o@

1 nhsldnfkag 2 weisgsla wus, yd fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsv usY%Khla 3 wefudakshd yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla usY%Khla 4 wefudakshus weisfgsgs 5 ish,a,u

34 o¾Ylhla mS<sn|j tlÕ fkdjkafka l=ulg o@

1 wdus,sl j¾Kh oelSug ,efnkafka ldnksl whkfha idkao%Kh 10 .=Khlska jevs jQ jsgh

2 wdus,sl j¾Kh oelSug ,efnkafka NIauhla fhosfus oSh

3 fu;s,a Tf¾kaca j, wdus,sl j¾Kh r;= h

4 id¾j;% o¾Ylhl PH mrdi lsysmhla we;

5 iEu o¾Ylhlau oqn, ldnksl wus,hls

35 fu;s,a Tf¾kaca Ndjs;hg .; fkdyels wkqudmkh jkafka

1 fldaiagsla fmdgEIa yd weisgsla wus,

2 wefudakshd o%djKh yd weisgsla wus,

3 fldaiagsla fmdgEIa yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,

4 fmdgEishus ldnfkags yd yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

36 fidavshus ldnfkags Ndjs; fkdjkafka

1 fusi ,qKq iEoSug 2 lsjq,a c,fha we;s i,afmag bj;a lsrSug 3 .sks ksjSug 4 fiaoSus l=vq f,i

5 c,h uDoq lsrSug

37 ksjeros m%ldYh jkafka

1 uQ,sl m%;sls%hdjl wKql;djh m%;sls%hd fm<g iukqmd;sl fjhs

2 m%;sls%hdjl fiuska isoqjk mshjr u; iuia: iS.%;dj r|d mj;shs

3 fm< Y+kH m%;sls%hdjl mshjr .Kk folg jvd jevs jsh yelsh

4 fm< Y+kH m%;sls%hdjl wod, m%;sls%hlh fjs.j;a mshjrg iyNd.s fkdjsh yelsh

5 ish,a, ksjerosh 6

38 yhsfv%dldnk

1 ldnksl o%jH ks¾jdhq cSjS ls%hdfjka we;s fjhs

2 jdyk j,ska ksl=;ajk msgdr jdhqfjs we;

3 m%ldY OQusldjg o fya;= fjhs

4 ldnhsvs ksIamdokh msKsi fhdod .kshs

5 ish,a, ksjerosh

39 Tsfidaka wKqfjs jskdYhg fya;= jkafka

1 mdr cdusnQ, lsrK 2 H ^. uqla; LKavlh 3 O ^. uqla; LKavlh

4 NO ^. uqla; LKavlh 5 ish,a,u

40 f.dkqfjs f,day u.ska isoqjk W;afm%arKh ie,lSfus os isoq fkdjkafka

1 wOsfYdaIs; mrudKq fyda wKq mDIaGh u; p,kh $ ixl%uKh fkdjSu

2 wOsfYdaIs; mrudKq yd wKq m%;sls%hd jSu

3 iEfok M, W;afm%arlfhka bj;a jSu

4 jdyk msgdr oqfus we;s ldnka fudfkdlaihsvs yd yhsfv%dldnk Tlais lrKh

5 o%j f;,a >k fuso njg yerjSu

41 lef;davSh wdrlaIdjla f,i .; yelafla

1 ils%h f,dayhla iam¾Y lr ;ensu

2 jdfka u; khsgs%la wus, fhoSu

3 ksl,a ma,qfjrhsvs mg, iEoSu

4 Tlaihsv mg, we;slsrSu

5 ish,a,u

42 ldKav fjka lsrSfus oS oqTqre wjlafIamhla ,nd fokafka

1. SnS 2. SnS₂ 3 PbS 4 CuS 5 HgS

43 ksjeros ksrSlaIKhla fkdjkafka ;kQl wus,hla iu.

1 fmdgEishus khsg%hsgs ,nd fok jdhqj oqTqre meyehg yerSu

2 i,amhsghla wj¾K jdhqjla ,nd oSu

3 i,amhsvhla u.ska f,vs weisfgsgs lvodis iqoq meyehg yerjSu

4 wxl 3 ksoyia jk jdhqj wdus,sl vhsfl%dafusgs o%djKhla fld< meyehg yerjSu

5 wxl 2 ksoyia jk jdhqj wdus,sl vhsfl%dafusgs o%djKhla fld< meyehg yerjSu

44 fnsrshus laf,darhsvs iu. ;kQl HCl j, o%djH iqoq wjlafIam idokafka

1 f,day ldnfkag 3 ;fhdai,afmag 5 ish,a,u

2 f,day i,amhsv 4 i,afmag 7

45 wefudakshus fud,snsfvsg iu. ly wjlafIamhla fokafka

1 i,afmag 2 i,amhsv 3 fmdiafmag 4 khsfg%sg 5 uska tllaj;a fkdfjs

46 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs ksIamdokfha oS isoq fkdjkafka

1 n%hska o%djKfhka i,afmag bj;a lsrSu

2 uqyqoq c,fhka le,aishus whk bj;a lsrSu

3 fldaIfhka bj;,k o%djKh kej; Ndjs; lsrSu

4 uqyqoq c,fhka Mg⁺² bj;a lsrSu

5 ijsjr Ndckhla fhdod .ekSu

47 myiqfjka c,jspsfPokh l< yelafla

1 (CH₃)₂ CHCl 21 (CH₃)₃C Cl 3 CH₃CH ₂Cl 4 CH₃ COCl

5 C₆H₅ Cl

48 fnkaiSka j, wika;Dma;;dj y|qkd .eksu i|yd jvd;a iqoqiq jkafka l=ula o@

1 fn%dauska oshr wj¾K jSu

2 wdus,sl fmdgEishus m¾ueka.fkag j, ous j¾Kh wj¾K jSu

3 laIdrSh fmdgEishus m¾ueka.fkag j, ous jsj¾K jSu

4 laf,darska oshr

5 ksis ms<s;=rla ke;

49 ldfndlais,sla wus, ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 (CH₃)₂ CH COOH j, wdus,sl;dj (CH₃)₃C COOH jvd wvqh

2 CH₃CH ₂COOH r;aalsrSfuka we,aflakhla idod .; yelsh

3 CHCl₂ CH ₂COOH wdus,sl;dj CH₃CH ₂COOH wdus,sl;djg jvd jevSh

4 we,alhs,a ihkhsvs wdus,sl lsrsfuka ksmojsh fkdyelsh

5 C₆H₅ COOH ;kQl wu,hl wo%djH fjhs

50 jvd wdus,sl;djhla fmkakqus lrkafka

1 msfkda, 2 khsfg%d mSfkda, 3 g%hs khsfg%d mSfkda, 4 C₆H₅ CH₂OH

5 t;hska 8

51 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 t;ke,a 2 fu;ke,a 3 tiagr 4 weks,Ska 5 wus, laf,darhsv

52 M,hla f,i iqoq wjlafIamhla fokafka

1 mSfkda,a yd idkao% fn%dauSka oshr

2 weks,Skaa yd idkao% fn%dauSka oshr

3 C₆H₅ COO Na yd idkao% yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h

4 CH₃ COCl iu. uOHidrSh is,aj¾ khsfg%sgs

5 C₆H₅ CH₂ Cl yd idkao% yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h iu. iskala laf,darhsvs idkao%

yhsfv%dlaf,darsla wus,h

53 weuSk ms<sn| ksjeros jkafka

1 th ;kQl wus,j, wo%djH fjhs

2 khsg%ia wus,hla iu. ldur WIaK;ajfhaoS wia:dhs M,hla fohs

3 th wefudakshd j,g jvd NdIausl ;dfjka wvqh

4 weuhsfkda wus, weusk .=K fkdfmkajhs

5 weuhsfkda wus, iajdr;aIl .=K fkdfmkajhs a

54 TskEu weuSkhla m%d:usl oajs;Shl yd ;D;Shl f,i y|qkd.; yelafla

1 fi 0 oS khsg%ia wus, iu. ls%hdfjka

2 fn%dauSka oshr iu. ls%hdfjka

3 we,alhs,a fya,hsv iu. ls%hdfjka

4 wus,hla fhoSfuka

5 NIauhla fhoSfuka

55 c,h ns<sn| wi;H jkafka

1 Tlaisldrlhla fjs

2 Tlaisydrlhla fjs

3 f,day iu. l%shdlrhs

4 yqud,h iu. ldnka c, jdhqj fohs

5 Niauhla f,i fukau wus,hla f,i fkdyeisfrhs' 9

56 idkao% i,amshqrsla wus,h iu. m%;sls%hd fkdlrkafka

1 H ₂S 2 NaF 3 C 4 P 5 Cu

57 idkao% i,amshqrsla wus,h u.ska c, wKq bj;a lrkafka

1 .a,qfldaia 2 fmdausla wus,h 3 khsgs%la wus,h 4 yhsv%cka i,amhsvs

5 ish,a,u

58 uOHidr we;s jsg fidavshus f,dayh Ndjs;fhka isoq l< fkdyelafla

1 tauhsvhla weuSkhlg yerjSug

2 we,alhs,a khsfgs%ghlska weuskhla ,nd .ekSug

3 fidavshus weisfgsgs ksmojSug

4 lSfgdakhlska uOHidr ,nd .ekSug

5 fidavshus mSfkags iEoSug

59 sjeros .e,mSu f;darkak

1 bf,lafg%dams,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hd ----fnkaiska yd laf,darSka w;r

2 bf,lafg%dams,sl wdl,k m%;sls%hd ---- we,alSk yd % vhsfl%dafusgs w;r

3 kshqla,sfhdaams,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hd ----we,alhs,a fya,hsv yd fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsvs w;r

4 kshqla,sfhdaams,sl wdl,k m%;sls%hd ----- we,alhs,a ue.aksishus fya,hsv yd we,avsyhsv w;r

5 bj;ajSfus j%;sls%hd ----tiagrSlrKh

60 fidavshus yhsfv%dlaihsv j, o%djH jkafka

1 tiagr 2 weks,Ska 3 wus, laf,darhsv 4 mSfkda, 5 ish,a,u

10

Aldehyde and Ketones ans

CH3 - C =O

CH₃

C₆H₅ COC₂H₅ / CH₃ CHO / C₆H₅COC₆H₅ / CH₃ COCH₃ / HCHO / C₆H₅ CHO

1 iEu ixfhda.hlgu fmdoq ldKavh l+ula o@ th y|qkajk kduh ,shkak'

C=O ldnkhs,a ldKavh

2 tys mj;sk ldnka mrudKqj ljr j¾.fha m%;sls%hd fmkajhs o@

kshqla,sfhdams,sl wdl,k

TlaislrK m%;sls%hd

ix>kk m%;sls%hd

1 C₆H₅ COC₂H₅

2 C₂H₅ CHO

3 CH₃ CO C₂H₅

4 HCHO

3 KMnO₄ iu. TlaislrK m%;sls%hd olajkafka ljr ixfhda. o@

C₂H₅ CHO / HCHO

4 iEfok M,j, jHqy ,shkak

C₂H₅ COO H / HCOO H

5 fuu ixfhda. w;rska fma,sx o%djKh iu. m%;sls%hd lrkafka ljr ixfhda. o@

C₂H₅ CHO / HCHO

6 iefok M,fha j¾Kh ,shkak

;eUs,s j¾Kh

7 M,hla f,i wus, ,efnkafka ljr ixfhda. j,ska o@

C₂H₅ CHO / HCHO

8 ;kQl NaOH iu. wxl 4 flfia m%;sls%hd lrhs o@ idok M,hka ,shkak

HCOONa yd CH₃OH

9 idkao% NaOH iu. wxl 2 m%;sls%hd lr idok M,h l=ula o@

frisk

10 fn%vs m%;sldrlh iu. fuu ixfhda. ,nd fok ksrSlaIKh ,shkak

;eUs,s meye wjlafIamhla idohs

11 CH₃Mg Br iu. idok M,hka ,shkak

12 fgd,ka m%;sldrlh mss<sfh, lrkafka flfia o@

is,aj¾ khsfg%sgs o%djKhlg NaOH nsxoqjla fhoSu iEfok oqUqre wjlafIamh osh jk ;+re wefudakshd o%djKh tl;= lsrsu

13 fgd,ka m%;sldrlh fhdod .ksuska y|qkd .; yelafla ljr ixfhda. o@ ,efnk ksrslaIKh ,shkak

CH₃ CHO / HCHO / C₆H₅ CHO

rsoS legm;la ,enSu

1 ldnkhs,a ixfhda. j,g ljr ixfhda. wh;a fjhs o@

we,avsyhsv

lSfgdak

2 ldnkhs,a ixfhda. j, ls%hdldrs;ajhg fya;= jkafka ldnkhs,a ldnka mrudKqfjs we;sjk O%ejsh;djhs

ljr ldKav fuu ldnka mrudKqj fj; wdl¾IKh fjhs o@

kshqla,sfhdams,sl

3 tjeks kshqla,sfhda ms,sl idok m%;sldrl y|qkajkak

HCN

CH₃MgBr

CH₃ NH₂

4 TlaislrK yelshdj jvd;a we;af;a l=uk ixfhda. j,g o@

we,avsyhsv

5 th ;yjqre l< yels mrslaIKhla ,shkak

fma,sx o%djKh iu. .fvd,a r;= meye wjlafIamhla ,nd oSu

wefudakSh is,aj¾ khsfg%sgs iu. c, ;dmlhl r;a lsrSfus oS rsoS legm;la ,nd osu

wdus,sl KMnO₄ iu.  ls%hdj $wj¾K lsrsu

6 t;ke,a yd fnkaie,avsyhsvs  w;frka jevs TlaislrK yelshdj jvd;a we;af;a l=uk ixfhda.hg o@

t;ke,a

7 ldnkhs,a ixfhda. wfkl=;a ixfhda. j,ska fjkalr y|qkd .ekSug fhdod.; yels mrslaIKhla ,shkak

fn%svs m%;sldrlh iu. olajk m%;sls%hdfjka ;eUs,s meye wjlafIamhla ,enSu

8 ldnkhs,a ixfhda. j, ls%hdldrs;ajhg fya;= jkafka ldnkhs,a ldnka mrudKqfjs we;sjk O%ejsh;djhhs  thg iusnkaO  CH₃ ldkavhg we;slrk n,mEu l=ula  o@

 tys we;s C – H nkaOkh oqn, f,i O%ejslrKhg ,la lsrSu ksid  H ⁺f,i bj;a lsrsu $ wdus,sl lsrSu isoq lrhs

we,amd yhsv%cka bj;ajs hdu

9 ljr ;;aj hgf;a fuh isoqfjhs o@

10% NaOH we;sjsg

10  we,a*d yhsv%cka bj;a jSfuka iEfok wekdhkh ljr kulska y|qkajhs o@

ldnekdhkh

11 kshqla,sfhdams,slhla f,i wdl,kh iEfok M,h myiqfjka jsc,khg Ndckh jkafka ljr ;;aj hgf;a o@

wdus,sl ;;aj hgf;a r;a l< jsg

12 tysos isoqjk m%;sls%hdfjs m<uq mshjr ;=, isoqjkafka l=ula o@

ldnekdhkh  kshqla,sfhdams,slhla f,i wdl,kh jsu

13 tysos isoqjk m%;sls%hdfjs fojk mshjr ;=, isoqjssh yelafla l=ula o@

wus,hla iu.  r;a l< jsg isoqjk jsc,kh

14 we,avsyhsv yd lsfgdak TlaisyrKhg Ndjs; lrkafka fudkjd o@ iEfok M, ,shkak

 jsh<s B;¾ we;sjsg LiAlH₄ fyda NaBH₄ iu. we,afldfyd, fohs

iskala ixri yd id'HCl   iu. we,aflak fohs

Alcohol ans -1

uOHidr Wod - CH₃ CH₂ OH

1 uOHidr olajk m%;sls%hd fudkjd o@

bj;ajSfus m%;sls%hd

TlaislrK m%;sl%shd

2 tys we;s - OH ldKavh bj;a jSfus yelshdj r|d mj;skafka ljr idOlhla u;o@

- OH iys; ldnka mrudKqfjs jsoHq;a Ok;djh u;

3 - OH iys; ldnka mrudKqfjs jsoHq;a OkNdjh thg iusnkaO we,alhs,a ldKav .Kk u; flfia fjkia fjhs o@

we,alhs,a ldKav .Kk jevs jk jsg jsoHq;a Ok;djh wvqfjhs'

4 jsoHq;a Ok;djh wvqjk jsg -OH ldKavhg l=ula isoqfjhs o@

-OH ldKavh bj;ajSfus m%;sls%hd fjs.h jevsfjhs'

5 fuu ixfhda. j, ye,ckh bj;ajSfus m%;sls%hd fjs.h wvqjk ms<sfj,g olajkak' A ,C ,B

6 m%dfhda.sl f,i jsoHd.drfhaoS th ksrSlaIKh lrkafka flfia o@

tla tla o%djKh fjk fjku f.k idkao% HCl nsxoq lsysmhla fhosu'jskdvs lsysmhla ;enSu

ye,ckh bj;ajSfus m%;sls%hd fjs.h jevs kus wvq ld,hlska wdjs,;djla ^f;,a jekas wo5djH M,hla & ,efnhs'

7 tfia bj;ajk jsg tu ia:dkhg meusfka hehs wfmalaId lrk ldKav lsysmhla ,shkak'tys mj;sk ,laIKhla ,shkak '

- Cl - Br

8 tjeks ldKavhla y|qkajk ku l=ula o@

kshqla,sfhdams,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hd

A ,B ,C hk ixfhda.

9 idkao% HCl iu. isoqlrk m%;sls%hdfjs hdka;%Kh fokak'

10 wdus,sl KMnO₄ yd wdus,sl K₂Cr₂O₇ iu. ,efnk M, ,shkak' ,efnk ksrSlaIK fudkjd o@

ous meyeh jsj¾K jSu $oqTqre wjlafIamhla ,enSu

11 f,dayuh fidavshus iu. idokafka ljr M,hkao@

H2 yd

13 TlaislrKh isoqjk wjia:d olajkak'

f,dayuh fidavshus iu.

wdus,sl KMnO₄ yd wdus,sl K₂Cr₂O₇ iu.

14 tiagr idokafka ljrla iu. o@ wjYH m%;sl%shl ,shkak'

ldfndlais,sla wus, yd id' H₂SO₄

15 fuys my; i|yka tiagr iEoSug wjYH lrk m%;sls%hl j, kus ,shkak

1 C₆H₅COO C₂H₅ 2 (CH₃)₂ CH COO C₆H₅

lsishus tiagrhla c,jspsfPokh l< jsg iqoq meye;s wjlafIamhla ,enqKs ' ta i|yd wjYH m%;sls%hl ,shkak'

iEfok tla M,hl ku i|yka lrkak'

16 uOHidrhlska we,alhs,a fya,hsv iEoSu i|yd Ndjs; l< fkdyels m%;sl%shl f;darkak

1 r;= P jsc, uOHidr yd Br₂ 2 PBr₃ 3 msrsvSka we;s jsg SOCl2 4. Cl2 yd NaOH

4 CH₃MgBr 5. ZnCl2 yd HCl iu. m%;sjdy lsrSu