wdj¾;s;d j.=j
1 uQ, o%jH j¾.slrKfha wdrusNfhaoS ljr ,laIK Wmfhda.S lr .;af;a o@
f,day yd wf,day .=K
2 fuys oS we;s .=K w;frka f,day j, we;s ,laIK ,shkak
>k iajNdjfhka muKla mej;su
os,sfik iq¿ nj $ >k f,i we;sjsg wdf,dalh mrdj¾;k yelshdj
by< ;dmdxlh ---- fndfyduhla f,day $ f,day iuyr wf,day -- is,slka oshuka;s $ C
by< o%jdxlh- -- fndfyduhla f,day iuyr wf,day --oshuka;s $ C
by< ;dm ikakdhl;dj ---- f,day
by< jsoHq;a ikakdhl;dj --- fndfyduhla f,day iuyr wf,day --oshuka;s $ C
Tlaihsvj, c,sh o%djK wdus,sl jSu --- wf,day .=K
;kH;dj $wefok iq¿ iajNdjh -- fndfyduhla f,day
wdykH;dj $;ef,k iq¿ iajNdjh ---f,day
o%jdxlh my< f,day j, kus ,shkak
ulrs $isishus $.e,shus
3 idfmalaI mrudKql ialkaOh fhdod .ksuska isoqlrk j¾.slrK bosrsm;a lf<a ljqo2
fvdnrhsk¾ $ksjs,kavsia $ f,dao¾ fuh¾ $ fukavf,ma
4 mrudKql l%udxlh fhdod .ksuska isoqlrk j¾.slrKfha whs;sh ysusjkafka ldgo@
reka.a yd j¾k¾
5 uQ, o%jH ;s%l ms<sfh, lf<a ljqo@
fvdnrhsk¾
6 uQ, o%jH ;s%l hl ,laIK fudkjd o@
uQ, o%jH ;s%lhl uQ, o%jH 3la we;
fomi we;s uQ, o%jH j, w;rueos ,laIK uOHfha we;s uQ, o%jHh fmkajhs
fomi we;s uQ, o%jH j, idfmalaI mrudKql ialkaOfha uOHl w.h uOHfha we;s uQ, o%jHh fmkajhs
7 idfmalaI mrudKql ialkaOh wdfrdayKh jk wkaoug uQ, o%jH my<g fm< .eiSu isoq lf<a ljq o@
ksjs,kavsia
8 fm< wjika lf<a ljr ,laIKh Wmfhda.S lr f.k o@
isria f,i ieliQ fm< wdrusNfha mj;sk uQ, o%jHhg iudk uQ, o%jHhla ,enqKq jsg
9 fus ,laIK Ndjs; lruska ;sria f,i ieliQ fm< wdrusNfha mj;sk uQ, o%jHhg iudk uQ, o%jHhla ,enqKq jsg fm< wjila lf,a ljq o@
fukavf,ma
10 wdj¾;s;d j.=j f.dv ke.Sfus oS my; os we;s jsjsO woyia bosrsm;a lf<a ljq o@
idfmalaI mrudKql ialkaOh wdfrdayKh jk wkaoug uQ, o%jH my<g fm< . eiSfus oS uQ, o%jH wglg jrla iudk .=K we;s uQ, o%jH yuqfjs
uQ, o%jH j, .=K wdj¾;s; rgdjla wkq j fjkia fjhs
11 bf,lafg%dak jskHdih wkqj uQ, o%jH ilia lsrsu isoq lf<a ljq o@
reka.a yd j¾k¾
12 mrudKqjl wjidk bf,lafg%dakh we;=¿ jk Wm ugsgu wkqj wdj¾;s;d j.=fjs msysgsu ms<sn|j ljr wkdjels mejish yels o@
uQ, o%jHh we;=,;a wdj¾;h
uQ, o%jHh we;=,;a ldKavh
13 uQ, o%jH we;=,;a m%Odk f.dkq 4 kus lrkak
S f.dkqj
p f.dkqj
d f.dkqj
f f.dkqj
14 tla tla f.dkqfjs iqjsfYaIs ,laIKh ,shkak
S f.dkqj ---- wjidk bf,lafg%dakh s Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
p f.dkqj ---- wjidk bf,lafg%dakh p Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
d f.dkqj ---- wjidk bf,lafg%dakh d Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
f f.dkqj ---- wjidk bf,lafg%dakh f Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
15 wdka;rsl uQ, o%jH hkq fudkjd o@
wjidk bf,lafg%dakh d Wm ugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s d f.dkqfjs uQ, o%jH hkah
16 ,eka;khsvs fY%aKsh $m<uq w;s $we;=¿ wdka;rsl uQ,o%jH f,i y|qkajkafka l=ula o@
wjidk bf,lafg%dakh 4f Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
17 welagskhsvs fY%aKsh $ fojk w;s wdka;rsl uQ,o%jH f,i y|qkajkafka l=ula o@
wjidk bf,lafg%dakh 5 f Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
18 jsr, mdxY= uQ, o%jH f,i i,lkafka fudkjd o@
wjidk bf,lafg%dakh f Wmugsgug we;=,;a jS we;s uQ, o%jH fuys we;
19 fojk ldKavfha uQ, o%jHhl wjidk Wmugsgu l=ula o@tys bf,lafg%dak lShla mj;shs o@
S Wm ugsgu
2
20 .e,fmk wdj¾;hka ,shkak
uQ, o%jH 2la iys; wdj¾;h$ wdj¾; --- m<uq jk wdj¾;h
uQ, o%jH 8la iys; wdj¾;h$ wdj¾; --- fojk wdj¾;h $ ;=kajk wdj¾;h
uQ, o%jH 18la iys; wdj¾;h$ wdj¾; --- y;rjk wdj¾;h $ miajk wdj¾;h
uQ, o%jH 32 la iys; wdj¾;h$ wdj¾; --- yhjk wdj¾;h
uQ, o%jH 19 la iys; wdj¾;h$ wdj¾; --- y;ajk wdj¾;h
21 tla tla wdj¾;fha l=uk Wm ugsgus bf,lafg%dak orhs o@
m<uq jk wdj¾;h 1s
fo jk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p
f; jk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
isjsjk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d
miajk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 5s 4d 5p
yhjk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p
y;aajk wdj¾;h 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d
22 tla tla uQ, o%jHh wh;a ldKavh yd wdj¾;h ;SrKh lrkak
A ---- 1 s2 , 2s2, 2p6, 3s2 , 3p4
miajk ldKavh
f; jk wdj¾;h
B ---- 1 s2 , 2s2, 2p 6, 3s2 , 3p3
y;rajk ldKavh
f; jk wdj¾;h
C ---- 1 s2 , 2s2, 2p6, 3s2
fojk ldKavh
f; jk wdj¾;h
D ---- 1 s2 , 2s2, 2p 6, 3s2 3p1
;=kaajk ldKavh
f; jk wdj¾;h
23 f; jk wdj¾;fha miajk ldKavfha uq, o%jHhl bf,lafg%dak jskHdih ,shkak tu uQ, o%jHh l=ula o@
1 s2 , 2s2, 2p 6, 3s2 3p3
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